Mutations of puzzles and equivariant cohomology of two-step flag varieties

Abstract

We introduce a mutation algorithm for puzzles that is a three-direction analogue of the classical jeu de taquin algorithm for semistandard tableaux. We apply this algorithm to prove our conjectured puzzle formula for the equivariant Schubert structure constants of two-step flag varieties. This formula gives an expression for the structure constants that is positive in the sense of Graham. Thanks to the equivariant version of the `quantum equals classical’ result, our formula specializes to a Littlewood-Richardson rule for the equivariant quantum cohomology of Grassmannians.